Recently, a frequencydiverse, metamaterial based aperture has been introduced in the context of microwave and millimeter wave imaging. Duke university duke university engineers have developed a novel. Accurate and efficient methods for beamsteering of holographic metamaterial antennas is of critical importance for enabling consumer usage of satellite da. Metamaterial apertures for computational imaging pubag. By leveraging metamaterials and compressive imaging, a lowprofile aperture capable of microwave imaging without lenses, moving parts, or phase shifters is demonstrated. Dynamic metasurface antennas for microwave computational. Large metasurface aperture for millimeter wave computational. Frequency diverse metamaterial aperture imager, progress in electromagnetics research 150, pp.
The dynamic metamaterial provided a new method to design a metamaterial aperture antenna. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Imani1, hayrettin odabasi1, jonah gollub1,guylipworth1, alec rose2, and david r. Smith, metamaterial apertures for computational imaging, science 339, 310. In recent research trends, the modern computational imaging paradigms, including coded apertures 8, singlepixel imaging 9, and frequencydiverse imaging 10, have shown to be capable of. Each metamaterial element contains two diodes connected to an external control circuit such that the resonance of the metamaterial.
The dynamic metasurface aperture dma consists of an irregular, planar cavity that feeds a multitude of tunable metamaterial elements, all fabricated in a compact, multilayer printed. By leveraging metamaterials and compressive imaging, a. Metasurfaces, a more practical outgrowth of metamaterials research, are appealing for imaging applications for several reasons. An optically transparent metamaterial absorber that can be obtained using inkjet printing technology is proposed. We present the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of a twodimensional, dynamically tuned, metasurface aperture, emphasizing its potential performance in computational imaging applications. Dynamically reconfigurable holographic metasurface. Smith, metamaterial apertures for coherent computational imaging.
Metamaterial apertures for computational imaging by john hunt, tom driscoll, alex mrozac, guy lipworth, matthew reynolds, david brady, david r. In 2015, sleasman and colleagues presented a dynamic metamaterial aperture designed for microwave computational imaging schemes by leveraging a metamaterial element. Existing approaches for circumventing such aberrations via dispersion engineering are limited to small apertures and often entails multiple scatterers per. Singlefrequency computational imaging using oamcarrying electromagnetic wave. These contributions are realized in the concept of a frequencydiverse metamaterial imaging system that will be presented in this thesis. Metamaterial apertures for coherent computational imaging.
Simulations of 2d metamaterial apertures for coherent. This constraint makes scaling of computational imaging systems inherently challenging for electrically large, coherent apertures. Research article journal of the optical society of america b 1 singlefrequency microwave imaging with dynamic metasurface apertures timothy sleasman1,michael boyarsky1,mohammadreza f. This set of measurements can then be used to obtain a high. Optically transparent metamaterial absorber using inkjet.
The generic form of the aperture is that of a parallel plate waveguide, in which complementary metamaterial elements patterned into the upper plate couple energy from the waveguide mode to the scene. Novel metamaterial sensor provides bigger picture 17 january 20 this shows john hunt, left, and tom driscoll. Lasers ebook oida reports opn centennial ebooklets osa century of optics. Singlefrequency computational imaging using oamcarrying. Osa design considerations for a dynamic metamaterial. Metamaterial apertures for coherent computational imaging on the physical layer, j.
We introduce the concept of a metamaterial aperture, in which an underlying reference mode interacts with a designed metamaterial surface to produce a series of complex field patterns. These reflections effectively light up the objects, which we use to perform imaging. We make a detailed explanation of its array structure. Inspired by methods in the optical regime, computational microwave imaging has recently taken hold as an alternative approach that uses spatiallydiverse waveforms to multiplex scene information.
A guidedwave metamaterial aperture is used to perform compressive image reconstruction at 10 frames per second of twodimensional range and angle sparse still and video scenes at kband 18 to 26 gigahertz frequencies, using frequency diversity to avoid mechanical scanning. Osa comprehensive simulation platform for a metamaterial. Metamaterial apertures for computational imaging request pdf. Implementation and characterization of a twodimensional printed. A terahertz metamaterial is a class of composite metamaterials designed to interact at terahertz thz frequencies.
We present a dynamic metamaterial aperture for use in computational imaging schemes at microwave frequencies. The front side of the cavity is perforated with a grid of periodic apertures that sample the cavity modes and project them into the. Metamaterial apertures for computational imaging john hunt,1,4 tom driscoll,1,2,4 alex mrozack,3 guy lipworth,1,4 matthew reynolds,4 david brady,4 david r. Pdf large metasurface aperture for millimeter wave. Computational imaging modalities support a simplification of the active architectures required in an imaging system and these approaches have been validated across the electromagnetic spectrum. We investigate the imaging capabilities of a onedimensional, dynamic, metamaterial aperture that operates at the lower part of kband microwave frequencies 17. Feasibility and limits of wifi imaging proceedings of.
G lipworth, a mrozack, j hunt, dl marks, t driscoll, d. In a frequencydiverse imaging system, a sequence of distinct radiation patterns, indexed by frequency, provides measurements of the spatial content of a scene. Range decoupling algorithm for accelerating metamaterial apertures based computational imaging article in ieee sensors journal pp99. As a synthetic 2d plane, metamaterial antennas are composed of subwavelength resonant particles. To reliably predict the imaging performance of such an. A metamaterial aperture operating as a leaky waveguide with resonating metamaterial irises can sweep its operation frequency to modify its complex field pattern with no moving parts. Smith 1 1department of electrical and computer engineering, duke university, durham, north carolina 27708, usa 2xlim research institute, university of limoges, 87060 limoges, france. The terahertz frequency range used in materials research is usually defined as 0. J hunt, t driscoll, a mrozack, g lipworth, m reynolds, d brady, dr smith. Smith1,4 by leveraging metamaterials and compressive imaging, a lowprofile aperture capable of microwave imaging without lenses, moving parts, or phase shifters is demonstrated. Transmissiontype 2bit programmable metasurface for singlesensor and singlefrequency microwave imaging. The synergy of these two technologies metamaterials and computational imaging allows for entirely novel imaging systems.
The core component of this system is an electrically large rectangular cavity with one corner reshaped to catalyze mode mixing, often called a sinai billiard. Beam synthesis with lowbit reflective coding metamaterial. By leveraging metamaterials and compressive imaging, a lowprofile aperture capable of microwave imaging without lenses, moving. Range decoupling algorithm for accelerating metamaterial. Metamaterial designs for applications in wireless power. In 2015, sleasman and colleagues presented a dynamic metamaterial aperture designed for microwave computational imaging schemes by leveraging a metamaterial element with two diodes connected to an. You probably recall the use of metamaterials in the constitution of flat lenses in plenoptic function sensing hacks. Broadband diffusion of terahertz waves by multibit coding. Design considerations for a dynamic metamaterial aperture. The dynamic aperture consists of a microstrip transmission line with an array of radiating. We present a 3d computational imaging system based on a modemixing cavity at microwave frequencies. Jiang y et al 2018 electron ptychography of 2d materials to deep subangstrom resolution nature 559 3439. Cs inspired large aperture computational singlesensor imager using 1bit. Computational imaging using a modemixing cavity at.
Implementation and characterization of a twodimensional printed circuit dynamic metasurface aperture for computational microwave imaging. Largeaperture computational singlesensor microwave. In this work we provide the foundation for computational imaging with metamaterial apertures based on frequency diversity, and establish that for resonators with physically relevant qfactors, there are potentially enough distinct measurements of a typical scene within a reasonable bandwidth to achieve diffractionlimited reconstructions of. To achieve this, we leverage multipath propagation that results in wireless signals bouncing off of objects before arriving at the receiver. Dynamic metamaterial apertures can potentially be of benefit in microwave or millimeter wave systems such as those used in security screening and throughwall imaging. Measurement matrix analysis and radiation improvement of a metamaterial aperture antenna for coherent computational imaging article in applied sciences 79. Smith1 1center for metamaterials and integrate plasmonics, duke university, department of electrical and computer. The dynamic aperture consists of a microstrip transmission line with an array of radiating, complementary, subwavelength metamaterial irises patterned into the upper conductor.
Download pdf download citation view references email request permissions. We discuss the design and operation of a metamaterial imaging system and demonstrate reconstructed images with a 10. Design and analysis of extended depth of focus metalenses for achromatic computational imaging. This designer aperture allows image compression to be performed on the physical hardware layer rather than in the postprocessing stage, thus averting the detector, storage, and transmission costs associated with full. According to an aspect, an imaging system includes metamaterial elements being spaced apart and configured to respond to an electromagnetic field for radiating in a predetermined pattern to illuminate a scene.
Holographic leakywave metasurfaces for dualsensor imaging. It can realize realtime control of electromagnetic wave and build multifunction radar array system. Metamaterial fibres for subdiffraction imaging and. In order to make the metamaterial absorber optically transparent, an inkjet printer was used to fabricate a thin conductive loop pattern.
A combination of metamaterials and a compressed imaging approach has achieved a lowprofile microwave. Lipworth g, mrozack a, hunt j, marks dl, driscoll t, brady d, smith dr. Coding metamaterials are the new technology where the aperture coding provides the hardware foundation for the miniaturization of the devices. In 2015, sleasman and colleagues presented a dynamic metamaterial aperture designed for microwave computational imaging schemes by leveraging a metamaterial element with two diodes connected to an external control circuit 19,20,21,22,23,24,25. Smith1 1 department of electrical and computer engineering, duke university, durham, nc 27708, usa. Metasurface apertures provide an alternative approach to the very commonly used phased arrays or electronic scanned antennas esa for wireless power transfer wpt and imaging applications. In this work we provide the foundation for computational imaging with metamaterial apertures based on frequency diversity, and establish that for resonators with physically relevant qfactors. By randomly distributing the metamaterials resonance frequencies, we show. This constraint makes scaling of computational imaging systems inherently challenging for electrically large, coherent.
Lipworth g, mrozack a, hunt j, marks d l, driscoll t and brady d 20 metamaterial apertures for. We explore the feasibility of achieving computational imaging using wifi signals. Imani 1, timothy sleasman 1, michael boyarsky 1, laura pulidomancera 1, jonah n. This is because terahertz waves are electromagnetic waves with frequencies higher than. Holographic and spotlight metamaterial apertures for microwave and millimeter wave imaging and methods of use are disclosed.
Metamaterial apertures for computational imaging science. Several computational imaging systems have recently been proposed at microwave and millimeterwave frequencies enabling a fast and low cost reconstruction of the scattering strength of a scene. Simulations of 2d metamaterial apertures for coherent computational imaging abstract. Dynamic metasurface apertures for computational imaging. Dynamically reconfigurable holographic metasurface aperture for a millscross monochromatic microwave camera okan yurduseven, 1, daniel l.
For the latter i detail how we model the imaging capabilities of a recentlyintroduced class of dispersive metamaterial based leaky apertures that produce pseudorandom measurement modes, and demonstration of novel lorentzianconstrained holograms able to tailor their radiation patterns. Osa phaseless computational imaging with a radiating. The quality of the reconstructed images is directly linked to the degrees of freedom of the system which are the number of uncorrelated radiated patterns that sequentially sample the scene. Dynamic metamaterial aperture for microwave imaging. Measurement matrix analysis and radiation improvement of a. Metasurface apertures for wireless power transfer and. Tuning the response of the metamaterial allowed imaging of a scene with a 40.
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